Tap Code by Carlyle S. Harris

Author:Carlyle S. Harris
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Zondervan
Published: 2019-09-12T16:00:00+00:00

25

SMITTY

NOVEMBER 1965 THE ZOO

It was 1859, and Genevan businessman Henry Dunant was horrified at the gruesome scene before his eyes. He had traveled to Emperor Napoleon III’s headquarters in Italy to ask for land rights for a new business venture. He came away with more than land rights, however, when he witnessed the aftermath of the Battle of Solferino, an excessively gory battle in the Second War of Italian Independence. What he saw greatly impacted his life, and he wrote his account in a book called A Memory of Solferino, in which he described the grisly scenes of war and posed the question, “Would it not be possible, in time of peace and quiet, to form relief societies for the purpose of having care given to the wounded in wartime by zealous, devoted and thoroughly qualified volunteers?”*

A man of action, Dunant didn’t just write about this concept; he also proposed a solution, which suggested that all nations come together to create volunteer relief groups that could serve as impartial humanitarians to assist the wounded and those affected by wars. A committee was formed that included Dunant, and in 1864, the first Geneva Convention was held in Switzerland. Twelve nations signed an agreement for the nonpartisan care for the sick and wounded by war. They also proposed an international emblem to identify the personnel and their supplies so that their safety would be assured from both sides of war. The emblem was a red cross on a white background, chosen in honor of Dunant’s nationality; it was the reverse of the Swiss flag. Thus, the Red Cross was born. In 1901, Dunant received the Nobel Peace Prize.

In 1906, thirty-five nations met to update the rules of the First Geneva Convention. These updates included additional protections for the wounded and those captured in battle. After World War I ended, it was clear to all that more updates were needed to ensure the humane treatment of prisoners of war. In 1929, those updates were made in another Geneva Convention. These new updates insisted that all prisoners of war must be treated compassionately and humanely; this included the living conditions of said prisoners. After World War II, it was clear that the Convention of 1929 did not prevent horrific acts from being carried out inside the prison camps and concentration camps. The Geneva Convention of 1949 addressed these issues, which included expanded protections for prisoners of war, including the following areas of protection:

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